The problem is that we don't know how long a civilisation like ours might last. Yes, we have been around for about 200,000 years as a species, but we only have maybe 5,000 years of civilisation behind us. The universe is approximately 14 billion (that's 14,000,000,000 just to emphasize the scale of that number) years old, so our civilisation has existed for just 3.57e-5 % of the total universe's life. I'll put that into perspective for you: if we could shrink the entire history of the universe down into a single year, our civilisation would have been around for about the last 11 or 12 seconds of that entire year.
Let that factoid sink in for a moment, and then consider this: the edge of the observable universe is 46.5 billion light years away. If aliens are bound by the same scientific laws as us, which state that nothing can travel faster than the speed of light in a vacuum, then they would have to pass within 200,000 light years of Earth to discover that we exist (we have been around in our present form for about 200,000 years, so an observer 200,000 light years away would be watching our earliest history right now). Our "sphere-of-existence" 200,000 light years across represents only about 8e-15 % of the entire volume of the observable universe. Putting that too in perspective: if the whole universe were condensed into the volume of the earth's oceans, our 200,000 light year bubble would measure just 3 metres across.
In order for aliens to even have the chance be aware of our existence, their (not much larger) bubble would have to have passed through ours during the 11-12 seconds that we have existed in our ocean. Their 3-metre wide bubble could have appeared anywhere in the entire volume of the ocean, and would have just 11-12 seconds to meet ours. Infact, they may only be able to detect us in the last few seconds of their bubble's existence, so in reality our bubbles would have to meet in that fleeting moment where the alien race was capable of detecting us.
Even an alien civilisation that has existed for millions of years, say 40 million, would have a sphere-of-existence just 600 metres across in the entire ocean. And that sphere would still have to meet our piddling little 3-metre-wide sphere before it were even physically possible for them to detect us. AND each sphere could appear anywhere in the entire ocean, at any point in time during the year I mentioned earlier.
If you can cope with all of those comparisons, then you might have an idea of just how unlikely it would be for aliens to become aware of our existence in the universe...
(And no, I didn't take account of the fact that aliens may have perfected the science of faster-than-light travel, but none of us can imagine how that might open up the universe to a race with that capability...)
Anyone who wants to see the calculations I did for those numbers, message me on skype and I'll send you the excel spreadsheet I worked them out on...